![]() Most end-user mailers, such as Outlook Express and AOL, can be used offline even if they are mainly intended to be used online, but some mailers such as Juno are mainly intended to be used offline. Most e-mail protocols, like the common POP3 and IMAP4 used for internet mail, need be on-line only during message transfer the same applies to the NNTP protocol used by Usenet (Network news). Offline news readers using NNTP are similar, but the messages are organized into news groups. ![]() ![]() Internet mail servers using POP3 or IMAP4 send the messages uncompressed as part of the protocol, and outbound messages using SMTP are also uncompressed. The user reads and replies to the messages locally and packages up and uploads any replies or new messages back to the server upon the next connection. BBS servers accomplished this by packaging up multiple messages into a compressed file, e.g., a QWK packet, for the user to download using, e.g., Xmodem, Ymodem, Zmodem, and then disconnect. Offline mail readers are computer programs that allow users to read electronic mail or other messages (for example, those on bulletin board systems) with a minimum of connection time to the server storing the messages. See also: Email client and Newsreader (Usenet)
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